For an optimal view of our website, please rotate your tablet horizontally.
Info / context to the poem
The poem, whose author is unknown, was transmitted by Lucyna Solka and translated from Polish by Iwka Kahlauch.
Between August of 1942 and August of 1943, a series of medical experiments were done on altogether 74 young Polish girls and women in Ravenbrück. These investigated the use of sulphonamide for burns as well as transplanations. Prof. Dr. Karl Gebhardt was responsible for the operations, assisted by the woman doctor Herta Oberheuser.
Broken glass and other foreign objects were planted in the legs of the Polish women, pieces of muscle and bone were removed and dissected or crushed. Thirteen women did not survive the procedure, six others were shot by the SS afterwards. Efforts were made by the fellow prisoners to protect the other "Króliki" (rabbits,) as they were called, by procuring a false identity for them, by attempting to have them accomodated in transports to satellite camps and, shortly before liberation, by hiding them. In this way, the evidence of these crimes would be saved. The women who survived were often severely handicapped and fought for decades for at least financial compensation. (C. Jaiser)
In 1975, between Burg Stargard and Neubrandenburg, a glass jar was unearthed containing documents from the Ravensbrück concentration camp, which Polish girls and women had smuggled out at the risk of their lives. It also contained a tabular list of the medical experiments performed on 74 Polish women.
Further information to the Smuggling Find
From the SS propaganda album, around 1941
Photo: Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ravensbrück
Handicraft/Gift
Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ravensbrück
Signatur: V636D3
Photograph of the legs of a woman from Ravensbrück
Photo: Institute of National Remembrance (Instytut Pamięci Narodowej), Warschau
Greeting card for Stefania Sieklucka
Ravensbrück, 1943
18,5 x 12,3 cm
Warsaw Independence Museum
Dr. phil. Constanze Jaiser
Literature scholar and theologian
Publications on the subject, include:
Poetische Zeugnisse. Gedichte aus dem Frauen-Konzentrationslager Ravensbrück. Stuttgart/Weimar 2000
Europa im Kampf 1939-1944. Internationale Poesie aus dem Frauen-Konzentrationslager Ravensbrück. Berlin 2009
Ein Schmuggelfund aus dem KZ – Erinnerung, Kunst und Menschenwürde. Berlin 2012
Maria (Maja) Berezowska
1898 Baranowicze - 1978 Warsaw. Artistic training in St. Petersburg, Krakow and Munich. In 1918 she married the painter and stage designer Kazimierz Grus. The central theme of her works (erotic graphics) could already be seen at her first exhibition in Kiev in 1916. First theater works from 1919 in Lviv. Lived in Paris from 1933 to 1936 where she published caricatures in the daily press. Because of her Hitler caricatures she was denounced by the German ambassador in Paris in 1935. In 1936 she returned to Poland, designing costumes of Polish revue stars, among others. In 1942 she was arrested, deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp and sentenced to death for her cartoons. However, the sentence was not carried out. In the concentration camp Berezowska drew her comrades. After liberation, she came to Sweden in 1945 through the Red Cross. There she was able to exhibit her works from the concentration camp period. In June 1946 she returned to Poland, where she focused mainly on her theater work.